Concerto Caledonia was formed in 1992 to bring to life the historical music of Scotland, particularly of the 17th and 18th centuries. The group's sixteen albums include Robert Burns songs in their original versions, classical symphonies from Fife, and 18th-century Scottish-Italian crossover. Their Nathaniel Gow's Dance Band project took Scottish country dances of the late 18th century to Glasgow basements and Edinburgh's Assembly Rooms, and as far afield as Helsinki and Adelaide.
Live collaborations at the Edinburgh International Festival included a four-concert series of historical Scottish music which became the live album Late Night Sessions, performances of Allan Ramsay's ballad opera The Gentle Shepherd, the story of Orpheus with punk cabaret trio The Tiger Lillies, and an exploration of the music of 17th-century Scottish mercenary Tobias Hume. Aldeburgh residencies in 2010 and 2013 became the albums Revenge of the Folksingers, which brought together traditional and early music, and Purcell's Revenge, which showcased the diverse influences on Purcell's music.
The album Mungrel Stuff was a Sunday Times Record of the Year, and besides appearing regularly on BBC Radio 3, the group has been broadcast on Radios 1, 2, 4 and 6music. Its contemporary recordings include music by Frank Zappa, Astor Piazzolla, Daniel Johnston, and Buzzcocks. Their most recent recording, released in 2023, explored the songs and musical culture around Edinburgh poet and playwright Allan Ramsay.