Concerto Caledonia was formed in 1992 to bring to life the historical music of Scotland, particularly of the 17th and 18th centuries. The group’s sixteen albums include Robert Burns songs in their original versions, classical symphonies from Fife, and 18th-century Scottish-Italian crossover. The Nathaniel Gow’s Dance Band project took Scottish country dances of the late 18th century to Glasgow basements and Edinburgh’s Assembly Rooms, and as far afield as Helsinki and Adelaide.

Live collaborations at the Edinburgh International Festival included a four-concert series of historical Scottish music which became the live album Late Night Sessions, performances of Allan Ramsay's ballad opera The Gentle Shepherd, the story of Orpheus with punk cabaret trio The Tiger Lillies, and an exploration of the music of 17th-century Scottish mercenary Tobias Hume. Revenge of the Folksingers, a 2010 project and recording bringing together traditional and early music at an Aldeburgh Residency, was followed in 2013 with Purcell's Revenge, which showcased the diverse influences on Purcell's music.

The album Mungrel Stuff was a Sunday Times Record of the Year, and besides appearing regularly on BBC Radio 3, the group has been broadcast on Radios 1, 2, 4 and 6music. Its contemporary recordings include music by Frank Zappa, Astor Piazzolla, Daniel Johnston, and Buzzcocks. The most recent recording, released in 2023, was based around the songs of Edinburgh poet and playwright Allan Ramsay.